15 June 1919: The British aviators John Alcock and Arthur
Whitten Brown made the first non-stop heavier than air flight across the
Atlantic on this day. They flew a modified Vickers Vimy bomber plane from St.
John’s Newfoundland to Clifden, Co Galway thus winning the Daily Mail prize of
£10,000. The lucrative prize had been up for grabs since 1913 when the Daily
Mail first proposed the idea. Their offer ran as follows:
"the aviator who shall first cross the Atlantic in an
aeroplane in flight from any point in the United States of America, Canada or
Newfoundland and land at any point in Great Britain or Ireland" in 72
continuous hours".
Both men had served as Aviators in the Great War and both
had been shot down and captured, Alcock by the Turks and Brown by the Germans.
During his captivity Alcock determined that if he survived the War he would go
for it. As Fortune had it both men were at a loose end after their release and
return home. Alcock approached Vickers with the idea of backing the attempt and
teamed up with Brown as his co pilot for the crossing.
Several teams had entered the competition and when Alcock
and Brown arrived in St Johns Newfoundland the Handley Page aircraft team were
in the final stages of testing their machine for the flight but their leader,
Admiral Mark Kerr, was determined not to take off until the plane was in
perfect condition. The Vickers team quickly assembled their plane and at around
1:45 p.m. on 14 June, whilst the Handley Page team were conducting yet another
test, the Vickers plane took off from Lester's Field.
The flight nearly ended in disaster several times owing to
engine trouble, fog, snow and ice. It was only saved by Brown's continual
climbing out on the wings to remove ice from the engine air intakes and by
Alcock's excellent piloting despite extremely poor visibility at times and even
snow filling the open cockpit. The aircraft was badly damaged upon arrival due
to the attempt to land in what appeared from the air to be a suitable green
field but which turned out to be the bog on Derrygimlagh Moor, near Clifden Co
Galway, but neither of the airmen was
hurt.
The news of the adventure spread like wildfire and the two
men were received as heroes in London. For their accomplishment, they were
presented with Lord Northcliffe's Daily Mail prize of £10,000 by Winston
Churchill, who was then Britain's Secretary of State. A few days later, both
men were knighted at Buckingham Palace by King George V, for recognition of
their pioneering achievement.
Alcock was tragically killed some months later in December
1919 while flying to the Paris Air Show. Brown lived on until 1948.
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